Spray nozzle



H. D. CLEMMONS SPRAY NOZZLE May 19, 1942.

Filed July 22, 1940 INVENTOR BY Herberf DClemmons 8M4 -MWW IATTORNEY$Patented May 19, 1942 srr,

SPRAY NOZZLE Herbert D. Clemmons, Sturgis, Mich, assignor to ScovillManufacturi Mich.

c mpany; Sturgis,

Application July 22, 1940, SerialNo. 346,791- 7 Claims. release-136) Themain objects of my invention are: First, to provide an improved sprayingnozzle for hose and the like adapted to greatly improve 7 the projectionand distribution liquid therefrom.

Second, to provide a nozzle of the type described, characterized by thesimplicity and economy of its parts and their improved effectiveness.

' Third, to provide anozzle of the type described which incorporatesnovel and improved fluid sealing provisions-between relatively rotatableand stationary adjusting parts of the nozzle.

Fourth, to provide a nozzle of the type described wherein the control ofthe liquid stream projected thereby is effected by manipulation of apair of relatively rotatable elements serving to project and retract afiow control member, the fiow of the stream through the nozzle beingdirected by the ports in such manner that it is not subject to abruptchanges in direction likely to create turbulence and destroy theuniformity of atomization and distribution of the issuing liquid.

Further objects relating to economies and details of my invention willappear from the description to follow. The invention is defined in theclaims.

of a stream of A structure embodying the features of my in? vention isillustrated in the accompanying drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view in side elevation of a hose nozzle embodying myinvention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view on line 2-2 of Figs. 1 and 3.

Figs. 3, 4, and are views in transverse section respectively on lines33, 4-4, and 5-5 of Fig. 2, illustrating various structural features.

This invention relates to improvements in control nozzle of the typeordinarily employedin garden and the like hose, although the featuresthereof may well be adapted for application to other types of spraycontrolling members or nozzles. I therefore desire that the invention benot regarded as unduly limited in respect to its application.

practiceto employ a hollow axially movable stem and to pass the liquidinteriorly of said stem, openings or ports being provided immediatelyadjacent thesaid conical control member for the passage of the liquidfrom'the interior of the stem out into a discharge chamben'from whichchamber thestream'issues through'an annular channel defined by thecontrol member and a discharge port or orifice. Such nozzles are allcharacterized byithe sharp reversal of the directionof flow ofstheliquid issuing fromtheinteriorof the stem, 1. e., from a radiallyoutward flow to radially Iinward,.th ence out the orifice. tubulence-such as causes improper and nonuniform and unsatisfactory atomization,or entire failure to atomize, and the formation ofrelatively largeglobules atthe nozzle orifice. [n.the present invention, I overcomethese defects by a structure which enables a relatively long andcontinuous flow ofthe liquid interiorly ofrthe nozzle in a directionsubstantially. parallel tothe axis thereof and without thesharpreversals of the flow which are primarily responsible for theobjectionable .action described above.

The invention also comprehends improved structure whereby. therelatively rotatable parts are restrained from relative axial movement,the

adjusting movement of the stem being effected solely by rotation of.thetelescoped parts and in the provision of improved sealing means inthe In nozzles of the above type, it has been mainly the practice toemploy a pair offixed and rotatable members, the former of which issuitably attached to the-hose and the latter of which rotates on thefirst named member and by said rotationefi'ects the axial movement of aspray controlling element, generally conical in shape, which coacts witha discharge orifice. In such constructions, it has heretofore been thegeneral form of washers-andfclamping meansstherefor, whereby leakage ofliquid axiallybetween the said relatively rotatable .members iseffectively prevented and atthe same time the usual tendency of thewashers to constrict and wear excessively is prevented. V 7

Referring .to "the drawing, the reference numeral l indicates in generalthe nozzleof my invention, which consists of a tubularbody mem- Sber orsupport 2 enlarged and internally threaded at 3 for attachment to ahose, with-a gasket 4 interposed, an outer sleeve-like head'member 5rotatably arranged on thesaid body member 2, and an adjusting member fiwhich is inthe illustrated embodiment of solid metalconstruction. Member6 carries the conical flow control tip I on its outer end, which coactswith a discharge orifice 8-on the'he'ad member 5 to control and regulatethe stream of water issuing from the discharge chamber 9.

As illustrated in r g 2 a s, the body e'mbar 2 adjacent the enlargement3 thereofis pro-' vided with anannular groove l0 adaptedt o receive twosemi-circular halves'll ofan annular This. results in a decidedsplitstop ring, which ring is designated by the reference numeral H2. Thehead member has threadedly secured thereto the flanged annular collarmember l3, which last named member is provided with an annular radialend flange l3| having an annular seat I4 to receive the aforesaidannular stop ring 12.

A compressing and sealing ring [5 for suitable packing material orwashers I6 is telescoped on the body member 2 adjacent stop ring 12, the

packing washers l6 being interposed between the compression ring l5 andthe inner radial face I! of the member 5. Ring l5 also serves as anaxial stop member, coacting with split stop ring I2 and seat in thecollar to prevent relative axial movement of the head and body members.

It will be noted that the inner head face 11 and the packing compressionring I5 are provided with annular steps or shoulders, that on the headbeing designated I8 and that on the ring [9. As illustrated, theshoulder on the head is located radially outwardly. thereon and that onthe ring is located immediately adjacent the periphery of the bodymember 2. It will be ap-' preciated .that the packing material iscompressed by the threading of collar member l3.on the head, likewisethat thetwo annular shoulders I8, l9 embed themselves in the packing andinsure an improved and permanentlyuniform sealing action thereby.

Experience has shown that the packing material in use tends to contractabout the inner or body member, thereby increasing the friction betweenthe parts and wear on the washers. The annular shoulders described aboveserve to anchor the washers radially so as to prevent undue constrictionthereof, thereby adding to the effective life of the material. It willbe appreciated that relative axial movement of the members 2 and 5 isprevented by the split stop ring l2 and coacting collar member andcompression ring vI5. This also minimizes friction on the packingmaterial.

Immediately adjoining discharge chamber 9, the head 5 is interiorlythreaded fora Substantial axial distance at 20 for engagementv withthreads 2| on the adjusting member. 6, the adjusting member beingthereby projected. and retracted when the head is rotated on the member2. In order to produce this axial movement of the adjusting member, itis of course necessary to prevent rotation thereof and this is effected.by the provision of a-pair of opposed lugs 22 on the inner surface ofthe member 2,

which coact with the sides of the-non-circular shank portion 23 in themanner illustrated in Fig. 4. There is a lost motion; of approximately90 with this arrangement when the direction of rotation of thesleeve-like head member is reversed, however this is not objectionable,and if it were could be readily corrected, as will be appreciated. V

The fundamental concept of the present invention is the concept ofproviding for a comthreading 2| of the member 5, this construction beingillustrated in Fig. 5. It is thereby insured that the water suppliedfrom the hose or other source will pass axially through the body member2 and grooves 24 into chamber 9 and thence through the annular orificedefined by the control element or tip 1 and opening 8 in the headmember. This is accomplished without any sudden reversal of thedirection of fiow of the annular stream, it being only slightlydeflected at one or two points. The relatively fixed and rotatable,hollow members 2, 5, respectively, are free from internal radialprojections of substantial size such as would tend to substantiallyrestrict and divert radially the flow of liquid therethrough, while thefiow control or adjusting member 5 is, at the threaded portion thereof,

. of generally cylindrical section, free from interparativelyunidirectionalfiow of fluid interiorly of the telescoped, relativelyrotatable members andexteri'orly of the member 6 so as to avoid theturbulence and unsatisfactory atomization referred to above, and it isfor this purpose that the cross sectional area of the rear portion 23'of the stem is reduced. In order to enable the liquid or fluid stream topassaxially of the adjusting member adjacent the threaded portion 211thereof, I provide a plurality of axially extending grooves or passages24 in the internal nal radial projections beyond its cylindricalperiphery effective to cause tubulence in the flow. It will also benoted that at the threaded connection between the flow adjusting memberand head member 5 the axial passages through which the liquid flows areof substantial length, with resultant correction of any possible swirlorturbulence in the water immediately preceding the entry of the sameinto the discharge chamber 9 and further stabilizing the iiow of liquidin the nozzle. The turbulent action present in all previous structuresis completely eliminated, as are the undesirable results whichaccompanythe same, namely, poor atomization and formation of excessivelylarge globules at the nozzle end.

The foregoing construction is compact and simple in its parts and easilymanufactured and assembled. Its provisions reduce wear and accordinglyincrease the life of the nozzle; namely, by the anchoring device for thesealing washers and the elimination of the relative axial movement ofthe body and head members, wear such as has characterized many previousdevices is prevented.

I have illustrated and described my invention in an embodiment which isvery practical. I have not attempted to illustrate or describe otherembodiments or modifications as itis believed that this disclosure willenable those skilled in the art to embody or adapt my improvementsas'may be desired.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is: r V

l. A nozzle of the type described comprising inner fixed and outerrotatable hollowtubular members disposed coaxially'in telescopingrelation, means for restraining said members from relative axialmovement, said ,outer rotatable member having a discharge orificetherein and said inner fixed member being adapted for connection to ahose orlike. source of liquid supply, and a fiow control member of solidcross section disposed concentrically of said fixed and rotatablemembers and axially adjustable relative thereto, said rotatable memberhaving threaded connection with said control member and said fixedmember having means engageable-with the control member to preventrelative rotation of the control member'and fixed member through morethan a predetermined angle upon relative rotation of the fixed androtatable members, whereby said control member is axially-projected andretracted relative to said orifice', said threaded connection betweenthe control member and rotatable member havingaxial passagestherethrough freely communicating with said discharge orifice at one endand with the interior of the fixed member, said fixed and rotatablemembers being free from internal radial projections of substantial sizeother than said orifice, such as would substantially restrict and divertradially the flow of liquid, and said control member being of elongated,generally cylindrical section :at'sa'id threaded connection, free fromexternal radial projections beyond its cylindrical periphery causingturbulence in the flow, whereby hquid passes exteriorly of the controlmember from said fixed member to said orifice Withtion with said controlmember and the other of said hollow members being engageable with thecontrol member to prevent relative rotation of the control member andfixed member upon relative rotation of the hollow members, whereby saidcontrol member is axially projected and retracted relative to saidorifice, said threaded connection having axial passages therethroughfreely communicating with said discharge orifice at one end and with theinterior of said other 'rnember, said fixed and rotatable members beingfree from internal radial projections of substantial size other thansaid orifice, such as would substantially restrict and divert radiallythe fiow of liquid, and said control member being of elongated,generally cylindrical section at said threaded connection, free fromexternal radial projections beyond its cylindrical periphery causingturbulence in the fiow, whereby liquid passes exteriorly of the controlmember from said other member to said orifice without substantial orsudden changes in the direction of flow thereof.

3. A nozzle of the type described comprising fixed and rotatable hollowtubular members disposed coaxially in telescoping relation, means forrestraining said members from relative axial movement, and a fiowcontrol member disposed concentrically of said hollow members andaxially adjustable relative thereto, one of said hollow members havingaxially elongated threaded connection with said control member and theother of said hollow members being engageable with the control membertoprevent relative rotation of the control member and fixed member uponrelative rotation of the hollow members, whereby said control member isaxially projected and reracted relative to said orifice, said axiallyelongated means having axial passages therethrough,

' said fixed and rotatable members being free from internal radialprojections of substantial size other than said orifice, such as wouldsubstantially restrict and divert radially the flow of liquid, and saidcontrol member being of elongated, generally cylindrical section at saidthreaded connection, free from external'radial projections beyond itscylindrical periphery causing turbulence in the flow, whereby liquidpasses exteriorly of the control member in a confined path for asubstantial axial distance without substantial .or; sudden changesinithe direction of flow thereof. V 4, AInozzle of. the type describedcomprising fixeckand rotatable hollow members disposed coaxially intelescoping relation, means for 'restraining said members from relativeaxial movement, a fiow control member disposed concenitrically of said.fixed and rotatable members and axially adjustable relative thereto,and means including a threaded connection between said control memberandone of said fixed and rotatable members whereby said control memberis axially projected and, retracted upon relative rotation of therotatable members, said threaded connection having an axial flow passagetherethrough and-said fixed and rotatable members being free frominternal radial projections of substantial size other than said orifice,suchas would substantially restrictand divertradially the fiow ofliquid,.and saidcontrol member being of elongated, generally cyindricalsection at said threaded connection, free from external radialprojections beyond its cylindrical periphery causing turbulence inthefiow, whereby liquid passes exteriorly of the control member withoutsubstantial or sudden changes in the direction of fiow thereof.

5. A nozzle of the type described comprising a pair of relativelyrotatable hollow members disposed coaxially in telescoping relation, oneof said members having a discharge orifice therein and the other beingadapted for connection to a hose or like source of liquid supply, acon.- trol member disposed concentrically of said first named rotatablemembers and axially adjustable relative to said orifice, and meansincluding a threaded connection between said control member and said oneof said members whereby said 7 control member is axially projected andre' tracted upon relative rotation of the first namedmembers, saidthreaded connection comprising coacting threaded portionson said membersof substantial axial length and having an axial passage of substantiallength therethrough freely communicating with said discharge orifice andwith the interior of said other member and said fixed and rotatablemembers being free from internal radial projections of substantial sizeother than said orifice, such as would substan-,

tially restrict and divert radially the fiow of liquid, and said controlmember being of elongated, generally cylindrical section at saidthreaded connection, free from external radial projections beyond itscylindrical periphery causing turbulence in the flow, whereby liquidcylindrical delivery chamber with a central relatively restricteddelivery orifice and having a portion between said delivery chamber andthe end of said body member which is internally threaded, said threadedportion having a plurality of elongated delivery passages therein ex- Itending therethrough and opening to said delivery chamber, said body andhead members being free from internal radial projections of substantialsize on the up-stream side of said de- 7 livery chamber, such as wouldsubstantially di-' vert radially the flow of liquid therethrough, and aspray adjusting member having a threaded portion engaging said firstnamed threaded portion and a shank portion extending into said bodymember in operative relation to the said lugs therein, said adjustingmember being of substantially cylindrical section at said threadedportion, free from external radial projections beyond its peripherytending to cause turbulence inthe flow, said adjusting member having aneck portion within said delivery chamber and terminating in a conicaltip operatively associated with said delivery orifice.

I '7. In a spray nozzle, the combination with a tubular body memberhaving internal lugs adjacent its outer end, of a tubular head memberrotatably mounted on said body member in sealed relation thereto andsupported against axial movement thereon, said head member having acentral delivery orifice and having an internally threaded portionbeyond the end of said body member, said threaded portion having aplurality of longitudinal delivery passages therein extendingtherethrough and in communication with said delivery orifice, said bodyand head members being free from internal radial projections ofsubstantial size on the up-stream side of said delivery chamber, such aswould substantially divert radially the fiow of liquid HERBERT D.CLEMMONS;

